Understanding Coverage Types
Choosing the right insurance coverage is an important part of financial planning. Each type of policy is designed to address different risks and stages of life. In Canada, the four most common types are Term Life Insurance, Whole Life Insurance, Universal Life Insurance, and Disability Insurance.
Term Life Insurance
Overview
Term life insurance provides coverage for a specific period, known as the “term.” Common term lengths are 10, 20, or 30 years. If the insured passes away during the term, the death benefit is paid out to the named beneficiary. If the term ends and coverage is not renewed, the policy expires without value.
When It's Useful
- Covering temporary needs such as a mortgage or car loan.
- Replacing income during working years to ensure dependents are financially secure.
- Providing funds for children's education or household expenses until retirement savings are sufficient.
Whole Life Insurance
Overview
Whole life insurance provides lifetime coverage, meaning the policy will remain in force for as long as premiums are paid. Unlike term insurance, it also builds cash value inside the policy, which grows at a guaranteed rate.
When It's Useful
- Estate planning, including covering final taxes and leaving a tax-free legacy.
- Providing lifelong protection for dependents with ongoing needs.
- Creating a guaranteed, tax-sheltered asset that can be accessed in the future.
Disability Insurance
Overview
Disability insurance protects your income if you become unable to work due to illness or injury. It provides monthly income replacement to help maintain your standard of living when you can't earn your regular paycheck. Coverage typically replaces 60-80% of your pre-disability income.
When It's Useful
- Protecting your ability to pay bills and maintain your lifestyle if you can't work.
- Covering ongoing expenses like mortgage payments, insurance premiums, and living costs.
- Preserving savings and retirement funds from being depleted during a disability.
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